Grapefruit

A relative newcomer to the citrus clan, the grapefruit was originally believed to be a spontaneous sport of the pummelo (q.v.). James MacFayden, in his Flora of Jamaica, in 1837, separated the grapefruit from the pummelo, giving it the botanical name, Citrus paradisi Macf. About 1948, citrus specialists began to suggest that the grapefruit was not a sport of the pummelo but an accidental hybrid between the pummelo and the orange. The botanical name has been altered to reflect this view, and it is now generally accepted as Citrus X paradisi.

When this new fruit was adopted into cultivation and the name grapefruit came into general circulation, American horticulturists viewed that title as so inappropriate that they endeavored to have it dropped in favor of "pomelo". However, it was difficult to avoid confusion with the pummelo, and the name grapefruit prevailed, and is in international use except in Spanish-speaking areas where the fruit is called toronja. In 1962, Florida Citrus Mutual proposed changing the name to something more appealing to consumers in order to stimulate greater sales. There were so many protests from the public against a name change that the idea was abandoned.

Botanical Classification

Family

Rutaceae

Genus and specie

Citrus Paradisi

Other names

None noted.

Description of the herb grapefruit

A deciduous tree with many varieties, well known throughout the western world.

Parts used

Fruit, fruit peel and oil.

Properties

It has bitter and astringent qualities and has a mild diuretic effect.

Therapeutic uses

  • Internal use
    • The fruit contains pectin, which is considered good for settling an upset stomach, due to the fibrous content.
    • The pectin is also reported to bind carcinogenic molecules to itself in the stomach, to be eliminated later.
    • Considered a good source of vitamin C, and the fruit therefore has excellent antioxidant properties.
    • The fruit is eaten raw or is used as a jam, marmalade or jelly. The peel is candied and eaten as a sweet.
  • External use
    • See the use of the essential oil.
  • Aromatherapy and essential oil use
    • The essential oil of grapefruit (white and ruby) lifts the spirits, is a powerful lymphatic stimulant and removes excess water from the body making it useful in treating cellulite.
    • It stimulates the digestive system and kidneys and is good for congested oily skin, especially for acne.
    • It has anti-depressant, antiseptic, depurative, diuretic, disinfectant, stimulant and tonic properties.
    • Considered to be non-irritant, non-toxic and non-sensitizing.

Safety precautions and warnings

Grapefruit essential oil may cause photosensitivity if used in excess.